← Reference valuesReference valuesAbdominal wall / hernias — Reference values
Abdominal wall / hernias — Reference values: Technique — dynamic maneuver, Transducer, Hernia types — US location.
Measurements and reference values
| Measurement | Usual value | Note |
|---|
| Technique — dynamic maneuver | — | Valsalva / standing increase sensitivity (detect occult hernia)Source: AJR / ECR poster |
|---|
| Transducer | 7,5–10 MHz | linear; sens. 86–96%, spec. 77–96% (inguinal)Source: PMC |
|---|
Classifications and calculators
Hernia types — US location
| Type | Finding |
|---|
| Indirect inguinal | Antero-lateral to the spermatic cord |
| Direct inguinal | Medial/posterior to the cord; conjoint tendon bulge on Valsalva |
| Femoral | Medial to the femoral vein |
| Umbilical / epigastric / incisional | Midline / scar defect, with sac and contents |
Diagnosis = contents (fat/bowel) crossing the fascial defect; measure the defect.
Source: AJR 2006
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